Biodiesel blends now mandatory in the Philippines
Last year Philippines President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo released an Energy Independence Agenda for her country that called for sixty percent energy self-sufficiency by 2010. Now the president has signed a bill into law that makes part of that plan mandatory. The Republic Act 9367 mandates five percent ethanol be blended into all gasoline by 2009 and ten percent by 2011. For diesel they have to add one percent biodiesel within three months and two percent within two years. The new law also eliminates the tax on the bio-fuel portion of the fuels.
[Source: GreenCarCongress]
Reader Comments (Page 1 of 1)
DJB Rizalist 6:43PM (1/28/2007)
With hunger incidence due to lack of food, reportedly at an historic high in the Philippine Archipelago, some people find the idea of feeding the automobiles with sugar cane repulsive. But of course the person who pushed the bill is now running for the Senate. But the Philippines ain't Iowa. We NEED to eat our corn.
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Jahnie Marzan 10:25AM (6/01/2007)
Bio-fuel is nothing but, a petro-base fuel Additives?
Bio-fuels could be a misnomer in terms of finding/formulating a “genuine”, bio,eco and/or environment-friendly fuel --- possibly, a renewable source of an energy. --- it’s a misnomer indeed to come-up with an alternative energy that the same would contain inorganic petrol-base (methanol & ethanol) and acidic/toxic Sodium/ Potassium Hydroxide Catalytic Reactants, that could lead to corrosion and damage on engine parts.
Bio-diesel is just for mixture at 5%-20% to petro-diesel, If it goes beyond 10-percent or 20-percent use, it will not be good for the vehicle. “We cannot use 100 percent (B100) of coco fuel in the engine”, according to Usec. Eduardo Mañalac, former Usec., of the Department of Energy, now is the President of PNOC.” Thursday, March 11, 2004 @10:12 PM GMT – 12-Baguio testing use of coconut fuel Ecology.
Petroleum Based Fuel Adulteration:
On the product Standardization of Petrol-Fuel Oils, International Trade Standard Specification, the generalrequirement stipulates – “The fuel oil specified herein shall be hydrocarbon oils FREE from INORGANIC ACIDS and FOREIGN MATTER."
The Philippines Bio-Fuel Act
http://www.gov.ph/forum/thread.asp?rootID=136581&catID=5
An Act to direct the use of Bio-fuels, 13th Congress, Hose Bill No. 1347 of 2006
SECTION 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the “Biofuels Act of 1 2006.”
SEC. 3. Definition of Terms.
As used in this Act, the following terms shall be taken to mean as follows:
d) Biodiesel – shall refer to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) or mono-alkyl esters
derived from vegetable oils or animal fats and other biomass-derived oils that
shall be technically proven and approved by the DOE for use in diesel
engines, with quality specifications in accordance with the Philippine National
Standards (PNS);
e) Bioethanol Fuel – shall refer to hydrous or anhydrous bioethanol
suitably denatured for use as motor fuel, with quality specifications in
accordance with the PNS;
=================================================
Therefore, BIO-DIESEL is made thru Esterification, otherwise known as Coconut Methy Esterification (CME).
=================================================
CAUTION / WARNING
DUBIOUS PNS 2020:2003 & BIO-DIESEL TECHNOLOGY?
http://www.gov.ph/forum/thread.asp?rootID=73028&catID=9
Bio-fuels could be misleading notions in terms of finding/formulating a “genuine”
bio, eco and/or environment-friendly fuel -- possibly a renewable source of an
energy. It’s a misnomer indeed to come-up with an alternative energy that the
same would contain inorganic petrol-base (methanol & ethanol) and acidic/toxic
Sodium/ Potassium Hydroxide Catalytic Reactants, that could lead to corrosion
and damage on engine parts. This is not to mention the contamination of (layers)
underground soils.
FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER [FAME] IFICATION or Trans[ester]ification
Transesterification
In organic chemistry, transesterification is the process of exchanging the alkoxy group of an ester compound by another alcohol. These
reactions are often catalyzed by the addition of an acid or base.
Rancidification
Rancidification is the decomposition of fats and other lipids by hydrolysis and/or oxidation. Hydrolysis will split fatty acid chains away from the glycerol backbone in glycerides. These free fatty acids can then undergo further auto-oxidation.Oxidation primarily occurs with unsaturated fats by a free radical-mediated process.
Redox (Redirected from Oxidation)
Redox reactions include all chemical processes in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed.
This can be a simple redox process, such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon
dioxide, it could be the reduction of carbon by hydrogen to yield methane (CH4), or
a complex process such as the oxidation of sugar in the human body, through a
series of very complex electron transfer processes.
The term redox comes from the two concepts of reduction and oxidation. It can be explained in simple terms:
Oxidation describes the loss of an electron by a molecule, atom or ion.
Reduction describes the gain of an electron by a molecule, atom or ion.
Combustion of hydrocarbons, e.g. in an internal combustion engine, produces water, carbon dioxide, some partially oxidized forms such as carbon monoxide and heat energy. Complete oxidation of materials containing carbon produces carbon dioxide.
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Man sometimes forgives,
Nature will never forgive,
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