Mercedes-Benz S 400 hybrid: 30 mpg and 47 pounds of recycled goodness
Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID - click above to enlarge
The marquee fact about Mercedes-Benz's upcoming new S-Class hybrid, the S 400, is that it will be the first series production hybrid to use a lithium-ion battery pack. Daimler, however, would like us all to know that there is more to the car than its battery. Take for example, the automatic stop/start system, the regenerative brakes, and plenty of reused and recycled materials used in the vehicle (including coconut and flax fibers). Daimler says that there are 45 components like wiring ducts and underbody panels that weigh a total of 21.2 kilograms that "are made from recycled, high-quality plastics."
Daimler even incorporated a recycling process for the li-ion battery into the design of the vehicle, so when the car reaches its end-of-life, that big and expensive pack won't die with it. All these features mean that Daimler calls the new S400 hybrid "the most economical luxury saloon with a petrol engine." The German TÜV Süd agency has recognized the "comprehensive environmental commitment" of the vehicle.
The S 400 hybrid gets 30 mpg (U.S.) on the European combined cycle and emits 186 grams of CO2 per kilometer. Not great, but it certainly could be worse. Performance numbers aren't slouchy: a 0-62 mph time of 7.2 seconds and a top speed of about 155 mph. The S 400 should reach the U.S. later this summer.
[Source: Daimler]
PRESS RELEASE:
Signed and sealed: the environmental compatibility of the new S-Class - S 400 HYBRID:
Luxury for the Environment
Stuttgart, Jul 14, 2009
Exclusive design, the greatest possible comfort and trailblazing innovations – the latest Mercedes-Benz S-Class is once again accepted to be the pacemaker for automotive progress. During the development of the world's most successful luxury saloon, the focus was however not only on further improvements relating to the classic core values. In addition, the engineers and technicians were able to achieve decisive further progress towards optimal environmental compatibility. In this respect, the S 400 HYBRID is particularly impressive alongside the fuel-efficient versions with a V6 or V8 engine. The very latest hybrid technology makes this model the most economical luxury saloon with a petrol engine.
This comprehensive environmental commitment over the entire lifecycle of the S 400 HYBRID - from production to the operating phase and eventual recycling/disposal - has now been recognised by the independent examiners from the technical inspection authority TÜV Süd with the grant of the sought-after environmental certificate. This recognition was already accorded to the preceding
Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID- click above to enlarge
S-Class model in 2005, as the first automobile worldwide, and subsequently also to the Mercedes A, B, C and E-Class. In early 2009 the GLK-Class became the first Mercedes-Benz SUV model family to obtain the coveted certificate.
With the new S 400 HYBRID, the world's first series production car to feature a hybrid drive system with a lithium-ion battery, Mercedes-Benz is emphatically underlining its claim to leadership with respect to design, comfort, innovation and environmental compatibility. The combination of a further improved V6 petrol engine and a compact hybrid module makes this model the world's most efficient luxury saloon with a petrol engine. Its fuel consumption of 7.9 litres per 100 kilometres (NEDC combined) corresponds to carbon dioxide emissions of 186 grams per kilometre. The combined output is 220 kW/299 hp, with a combined maximum torque of 385 newton metres. The S 400 HYBRID accelerates to 100 km/h in 7.2 seconds and has a top speed of around 250 km/h - environmentally compatible drive systems and outstanding performance are not necessarily a contradiction in terms.
The S-Class hybrid offers all the advantages of this drive concept: a comfortable ECO start/stop function automatically switches the engine off when the S-Class comes to a stop - for example at traffic lights. During deceleration, kinetic energy is recuperated and stored by the compact lithium-ion battery in the engine compartment. This energy is put to use when required, for example when accelerating.
During the environmental certification process for the S-Class, more than 40,000 individual processes were examined, analysed and evaluated to produce a comprehensive eco-profile. It is not only the environmental effects during the vehicle's operating phase that were assessed. Instead engineers examined every environment-related process, from development and production to operation and eventual recycling/disposal. This overall profile provides the basis for the environmental certificate. A detailed presentation of the examination results is available to the interested public in the form of the "Life Cycle" documentation series, which may be found at www.mercedes-benz.com.
High level of environmental compatibility over the full lifecycle
For the comparative assessment forming part of the environmental certification process, the S 400 HYBRID with a combined output of 220 kW (299 hp) was compared to the 200 kW (272 hp) S 350 petrol model. Even the conventionally powered S 350 impresses with good fuel consumption figures for this vehicle class: only 10.0 to 10.2 litres of fuel per 100 kilometres - depending on the tyres. This excellent figure is easily bettered by the S 400 HYBRID, which consumes just 7.9 to 8.1 l/100km. This corresponds to a remarkable 21-percent reduction. The S-Class with hybrid technology also achieves top figures when it comes to CO2 emissions, which are between 186 and 189 g/km.
Taking the entire lifecycle into consideration, namely production, operation for 300,000 kilometres and recycling/disposal, the S 400 HYBRID produces 18 percent lower CO2emissions than the comparative model. This saving per vehicle corresponds to roughly 1.6 times the annual per capita emissions of the average European*. The lower requirement for energy resources caused by the lower fuel consumption during the operating phase leads to a 17-percent reduction in the primary energy requirement. This corresponds to the energy content of around 7000 litres of petrol.
*European Environment Agency: EAA Report 05/2008, Greenhouse gas emission trends and projections in Europe 2008.
Lithium-ion battery integrated into the recycling process
In the case of the S 400 HYBRID the recycling concept was produced in parallel with development of the vehicle, with the individual components and materials being analysed during every stage of the process. Aspects given close attention included the segregation and ease of disassembly of certain thermoplastic components such as bumpers and wheel arch, side member, underbody and engine compartment claddings, with a view to easy recycling.
This first use of a lithium-ion battery in a series production car also presented new challenges with respect to eventual disposal and recycling. In collaboration with suppliers and disposal specialists, innovative recycling concepts were developed which enable the valuable material constituents to be retrieved. All in all, it was possible to show a high material recycling rate of 85 percent, and an overall recycling rate of 95 percent. This means that the S-Class already complies with the overall recycling requirement coming into force from 1 January 2015.
Use of recycled components and renewable raw materials
A number of recycled parts and renewable natural materials are used in the production of the S-Class. All in all, 45 S-Class components such as wiring ducts or underbody panels with a total weight of 21.2 kilograms are made from recycled, high-quality plastics. Another aim was to obtain recycled materials from vehicle-related waste flows as far as possible, so as to create closed loops. Example: the recycled material used for the front wheel arches consists of reprocessed vehicle components such as the housings of starter batteries and bumper claddings from the Mercedes-Benz Recycling System, as well as waste material from cockpit production.
In the S-Class, 27 components with a total weight of just under 43 kilograms are produced with the use of natural materials. Wool is used in the seat upholstery, while coconut fibre and natural latex go into the driver's seat backrest for a perfect seating climate. The backrest cladding is of wood-fibre, and the attached retention points are produced directly from the waste materials during production of the cladding, thereby allowing a closed materials loop.
Further uses of renewable raw materials in the S-Class: the interior trim is enhanced with real wood veneers, and the parcel shelf lining is made from flax fibres.
The S 400 HYBRID sets new standards, not only in the fields of technology, innovation and driving pleasure. The luxury saloon offers an overall excellent environmental lifecycle assessment, with favourable fuel consumption, low emissions, a comprehensive recycling concept and a high share of renewable and recycled materials.
Reader Comments (Page 1 of 1)
why not the LS2LS7? 11:56AM (7/14/2009)
30mpg on the European combined cycle? That's so incredibly low I can hardly believe it's a hybrid. That's like 23 EPA. It's only a little bit better than the Escalade hybrid.
Reply
Jeff 12:04PM (7/14/2009)
Pretty weak... I guess this is a mild hybrid, whereas the GMT900 two-mode hybrids definitely are not mild.
paulwesterberg 12:05PM (7/14/2009)
No kidding, how much does this albatross cost? For the money you would get much better performance & efficiency from a tesla.
downtoearth 2:04PM (7/14/2009)
why not the LS2LS7?:
> 30mpg on the European combined cycle? That's so incredibly
> low I can hardly believe it's a hybrid.
To provide a perspective (European cycle, not EPA):
Fuel economy:
S 400 Hybrid.............................: 8,0 l/100km = 29,4 mpg US
S 350 CDI BlueEfficiency diesel: 7,6 l/100km = 31 mpg US
Fuel efficiency:
S 400 Hybrid:................................ 187 g CO2/km
S 350 CDI BlueEfficiency diesel:... 200 g CO2/km
Performance: 0 - 62 mph:
S 400 Hybrid:................................ 7,2 sec
S 350 CDI BlueEfficiency diesel:... 7,8 sec
So it has the same fuel economy as the diesel, but has 7% higher fuel efficiency while being noticeably faster.
The problem of this Mercedes is its Li-Ion battery and initial drivetrain costs which makes it awfully expensive. The S400 Hybrid is priced so much out of range it will never be competitive with diesel version of the same car.
Now everyone who doubted knows why Toyota went NiMH. And why Benz plans their next hybrid to use NiMH battery as well.
Still, Toyota, Ford and Lexus hybrids manage to be significantly more efficient than comparable diesels and also cost less, partially due to the very complex and expensive modern automatic gearbox being replaced with a differential-alike power split device.
Dude 4:23PM (7/17/2009)
Guys, guys, it's a MB S class...what do you expect? It's a top end luxury car, it's a mild hybrid. It's not an eco car.
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Serge 12:42PM (7/14/2009)
The lithium-ion battery holds 0.7 kWh of energy; electric motor rated at paltry 15 kW (20 hp). This is a very mild hybrid system. Looks like they beefed up the starter motor and replaced lead-acid battery with a lighter lithium-ion pack, which is mildly interesting. A very modest effort by Benz and not very competitive with Lexus 600h sedan.
Reply
why not the LS2LS7? 4:53PM (7/14/2009)
Ahh, that explains a lot. Perhaps the only relevant question to ask about this vehicle is whether it is exempt from the London congestion charge or not. That seems like the only remaining possible justification for this vehicle that I can think of.
EVdriver 1:18PM (7/14/2009)
Lithium-ion or not, this is just an "alibi"-hybrid, way inferior to Toyota/Lexus ones.
Reply
wisi 5:56PM (7/14/2009)
Soooo, it is way inferior yeah?
Do you even KNOW the European combined cycle milage of any lexus???
The lowest you will get in a GS450h is 7.6l/100km...
The lowest you will get in any LS is 9.3l/100km...
keep in mind that a Lexus "GS" is on NO WAY comparable to an S-Class, and this one gets you 8l/100km
Now again tell me, why is this System inferior to a lexus' ? I hear you people ranting all the time about to much complexity in Mercedes' systems... but now when they prove to get better results from a mild hybrid then Lexus from a full-hybrid it is inferior, yeah?
Do your home work, know the numbers before you start talking!
btw: you can get an E-class Diesel from 5.3l/100km (not in the US), just to throw in something to compare to Lexus' GS
EVdriver 6:59PM (7/14/2009)
wisi: "The lowest you will get in a GS450h is 7.6l/100km...
The lowest you will get in any LS is 9.3l/100km..."
Wrong.
Lexus RX450h combined cycle: 6.3 l/100km, 148 g CO2/km, and this is a full hybrid.
You know
- 6.3 l/100km < 8 l/100km
- 148 g CO2/km < 186 g CO2/km
- full hybrid > mild hybrid
that's why MB hybrid technology is way inferior to Toyota's.
Do your home work, know the numbers before you start talking! :)
wisi 8:01AM (7/15/2009)
and now in which way has a Lexus RX anything to do with an S-class?
You know the thing with the apples and the pears ;-)
wisi 8:30AM (7/15/2009)
"´wisi: "The lowest you will get in a GS450h is 7.6l/100km...
The lowest you will get in any LS is 9.3l/100km..."
Wrong.
Lexus RX450h combined cycle: 6.3 l/100km, 148 g CO2/km, and this is "
btw: I don't get your "wrong" anyway ?!
What exactly would you think is "wrong" with what I am saying?
Nozferat 5:12PM (7/14/2009)
MB makes abysmally bad mileage vehicles. It's pathetic.
47 lbs of recycled material in a 4000lb car....WOW...1.1% of the car's mass....what an accomplishment.
Reply
wisi 6:00PM (7/14/2009)
you missed something: this is 47lbs of recycled plastic. So you better compare it to the total plastic in the car.
Or who told you that all the steel and aluminum was not recycled?
For the milage comparison: look above...
Tummy 6:26PM (7/14/2009)
We get pretty good MPG in our SLK350, often up to 32mpg on the highway, from it's 3.5L V6. The BMW Z4 sDrive 30i, gets similar MPG but with 0.5L less displacement.
Our '04 E500 4matic with the old 5.0L V8 gets about 26mpg on the highway which is comparable to a V6 Toyota Camry and the Lexus GS460. Both of those Toyotas are just not as good to drive and lack AWD for getting through the snow. The newer E550, with +80hp more (nearly 30% more power) actually gets about 10% better fuel economy than our old one. How is it possible that MB gets similar gas mileage with a huge 5.0L/5.5L v8 compared to the smaller Toyota V6 and Lexus V8s?
I don't think I would call the fuel efficiency "abysmally bad" if you compare it to other cars that are similar weight and type.